Rhabdosarcoma is the cancer of connective tissue. It mainly affects children ageing from 1-5 or in age groups 15-19 though they are very rare. It is almost not found in adults. It is a very rare type of cancer. The virus leads to tumor formation. The tumor looks like a 6-8 week embryo, and in final stages it resembles those of 12 week embryo.
When rhabdomyosarcoma is suspected, tests is done for blood, muscle, and marrow.
Diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma depends on recognition of differentiation toward skeletal muscle cells. The protein myo D1 is a protein normally found in developing skeletal muscle cells which disappears after the muscle matures and becomes innervated by a nerve. Thus, myo D1 is not found in normal skeletal muscle and serves as a useful immunohistochemical marker of rhabdomyosarcoma. Early manifestation can be misdiagnosed as a pseudotumor that is non responsive to steroid treatment.
Referring to most of the cases related to rhabdosarcoma, eye cancer is the most common. In eye it forms tumor in the optic muscles and in initial cases gives rise to protrusion of eye from the eye cavity. It generates immense amount of pain.
Its two most common forms are embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. There also exist another differentiated form which is characterised by thick and thinner stripes on the tissues when studied with the help of light microscope.
Apart from the myo D1 protein in an infected cella profuse amount of RNP particles along with clutered mitochondria and stomal cells are found. In case of differential virus type aggregated actomyosin is found while in case of embryonal type does not contain actomyosin.
Treatment for rhabdomyosarcoma consists of chemotherapy, radiation therapy and sometimes surgery. Surgery to remove the tumor is often difficult or impossible because the tumor is usually embedded deep within the tissue, leaving it difficult to reach. If a tumor presents itself in the extremities, amputation is often necessary to improve chances of survival.
If there is no evidence of metastasis, surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation offer the best prognosis. Patients whose tumors have metastasized usually have a poor chance for long-term survival. In patients who began treatment before metastasis, the prognosis is better, although the disease is generally incurable because the tumors that cannot be surgically removed tend to spread.
Researches are being undertaken to find some effective drugs against this type of virus. But the most disheartening story is that this type of virus have a high rate of mutation potential. Hence any definite attack with a drug does not remain effective for long.
Filed under Eye Surgery, Eye Treatment, eye cancer | Tags: alveolar rhabdosarcoma virus, Cancer, chemotherapy, differential rhabdosarcoma virus, emryonic rhabdosarcoma virus, immunohistochemical, mitochondria, myo D1, radiation therapy, rhabdosarcoma virus, RNP particle, surgery, syomal cell | Comment Below
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