Every fire alarm can be one of two possible types, or may be a combination of the two. Alarms that rely on detecting heated ions drifting through the air use ionization sensors. Detectable ionization occurs primarily in fires that are burning very fast with large open flames moving quickly through the structure. The other type of sensor is known as a photoelectric sensor. This operates by attempting to spot small particles that may be floating through the air. Low, hot-burning fires will throw up particles like this when producing billowing smoke.
Fire alarms can also contain a combination of sensors. These devices are able to detect both hot fires with an ionization sensor and smoldering fires with the photoelectric sensors. These types of units are called dual sensor alarms. They are the most effective technology available to consumers who are trying to protect their home from fire.
One key element involved in how the fire alarm and its sensors work is the exact location of where the alarm is installed. Because the particles that are being detect are floating along with the other gases in the room and gases tends to rise, then the alarms must be in a raised position. The particles in the air will accumulate near the roof when a fire starts, and the alarms must be as close to this area as possible. The manufacturer's installation instructions will specify exact measurements.
At least one fire alarm should be placed on each floor of the house. They should be placed inside all of the bedrooms, and outside of the bedrooms as well. An alarm should be placed in the basement, since this is the origin of many fires.
In addition to installing fire alarms, it is vital that the family have a serious plan for what to do in the event of a fire. Once the alarm goes off, everyone should know exactly what to do. Most often this involves planning one or more escape routes to get out of the house. It should take into account any extra safety devices installed, such as ladders or ropes at certain windows. The plan should also include a meeting place where everyone will reunite after escaping. The whole family should not only have the plan memorized, but should practice it together from time to time.
The most difficult step to remember when dealing with fire safety goes beyond installation and planning. It is the routine maintenance of the fire alarms themselves. For units that require a battery to run, or use them as a backup power source, the batteries must be replaced every six months regardless of how much power is left in them. The alarm should also be kept very clean since dust particles can reduce the ability of the sensors to detect particles. Keeping a fire alarm in good working order when it is installed correctly can help reduce the chances of being seriously injured in a fire.
Matthew Kerridge is an expert in home security. If you want further information about types of fire alarms or are looking for a reputable fire alarm business please visit http://www.adt.co.uk
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