Our vital organs are sheathed in a single layer of compacted cuboidal cells. This layer, called mesothelium lines the serous cavities of our body. The cells of this covering become cancerous when particles of mesothelioma asbestos get deposited in it. The infection slowly retards the normal functioning of nearby organs thereby resulting in death. Statistics prove that almost ninety percent of all mesothelioma cases occur due to asbestos exposure only.
Being a highly useful natural mineral, asbestos is put to use extensively for industrial purpose. Thin threads can be extracted from its flexible but strong fibers. Some of its industrial uses are in making cement, textiles, insulation, roof shingles etc. The health of the workers of these industries is always in peril because the thin fibers float in the air and get inhaled or swallowed by them. These particles finally reach the mesothelium. Having the ability to change the functions of macrophages, the fibers of this material create appropriate conditions for mesothelioma development. The normal working of our immune system is spoiled by the mesothelioma asbestos. This is done by deactivating tumor suppressor genes and activating proto-oncogenes, oncogenes, error prone DNA repair enzymes and telomerase and preventing apoptosis.
Risks of contracting mesothelioma are common among those who are staying near asbestos mines. Increased risks are there for the workers of factories and workshops where asbestos is used. The risk factor can be significantly decreased by wearing protective gear while handling asbestos.
Family members of people who work in asbestos filled atmosphere may also contract the cancer through the particles carried by the worker's clothes and hair. Showering and changing cloths after work are essential to counter this. Some building materials, especially those used for insulation contain asbestos, which may endanger the lives of the inhabitants.
Mesothelioma symptoms start showing only many years after exposure to asbestos particles. By then the situation turns irretrievable in many cases. But proper and prompt diagnosis coupled with meticulous treatment measures has prolonged the lifespan of many people around us. Surgery, medication, radiation and some modern therapies like gene therapy are partially effective in the fight against this alarming malaise. But the best way is to avoid coming into contact with mesothelioma asbestos or using protective gadgets while handling the compound.
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